The OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2026–2035 projects continued growth in global aquaculture and fisheries over the next decade, highlighting the sector’s increasing role in ensuring food security, nutrition, and rural livelihoods. According to the report, aquaculture is expected to remain the fastest-growing source of aquatic food production, with Asia continuing to dominate global production and exports.
The outlook suggests that rising demand for fish and seafood, driven by population growth, urbanization, and changing dietary preferences, will support steady expansion in aquaculture production worldwide. As incomes increase and consumers seek healthier sources of protein, fish consumption is expected to continue growing in many regions.
Asia is projected to maintain its position as the world’s leading aquaculture producer, accounting for the majority of global fish farming output. Countries across the region have developed advanced aquaculture systems supported by strong research, improved breeding technologies, efficient feed management, and expanding processing industries. These factors are expected to strengthen Asia’s role as a major supplier of fish and seafood to international markets.
The report also forecasts gradual growth in capture fisheries, although production from wild fisheries is expected to remain relatively stable due to sustainability measures and responsible resource management. As a result, most future growth in aquatic food supplies is likely to come from aquaculture rather than increased harvesting from natural fish stocks.
Another key finding is the expected rise in the production of fishmeal and fish oil, both of which play an important role in aquaculture feed and animal nutrition. Improvements in processing efficiency, better utilization of fish by-products, and technological innovations are expected to support moderate increases in production over the coming decade. At the same time, the industry continues to explore alternative feed ingredients, including plant-based proteins, algae, and insect-derived products, to reduce pressure on marine resources.
Experts note that sustainable aquaculture practices will become increasingly important as production expands. Investments in water quality management, disease control, improved genetics, digital monitoring systems, and environmentally responsible farming methods are helping improve productivity while minimizing environmental impacts. Precision aquaculture technologies, including sensors, artificial intelligence, and automated feeding systems, are also enhancing operational efficiency.
The outlook emphasizes that international trade will remain a key driver of growth in the fisheries sector. Global demand for high-quality seafood products continues to increase, creating opportunities for exporting countries to expand market access and strengthen value-added processing industries. Efficient cold-chain infrastructure, food safety standards, and traceability systems will play a vital role in supporting future trade.
Climate change remains one of the major challenges facing the fisheries and aquaculture sector. Rising water temperatures, changing ocean conditions, extreme weather events, and the spread of aquatic diseases may affect production in some regions. The report highlights the need for climate-resilient farming systems, improved resource management, and continued investment in research and innovation to strengthen the sector’s long-term sustainability.
Governments and industry stakeholders are expected to continue promoting policies that encourage responsible aquaculture development, sustainable fisheries management, and technological innovation. These efforts aim to increase production while protecting aquatic ecosystems and supporting the livelihoods of millions of people who depend on fisheries and aquaculture.
As global demand for nutritious and affordable protein continues to grow, the OECD-FAO outlook indicates that aquaculture will play an increasingly important role in the world’s food system. With Asia leading production and ongoing advances in technology and sustainability, the sector is well positioned to contribute to food security, economic development, and international agricultural trade throughout the next decade.
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